Fil-qosor iddeskrivi ix-xogħol prinċipju ta ' infrared termometru
Infrared termometru by the optical system, photodetector, signal amplifikatur and signal processing, display output and other components. Optical system convergence of its field of view of the target infrared radiation energy, the size of the field of view by the termometer's optical components and their location to determine. The infrared energy is focused on the photodetector and transformed in a corresponding electrical signal. Dan sinjal huwa ikkonvertit fi it- temperatura ta ' il-mira minn amplifikaturi u sinjal ipproċessar ċirkwiti u ikkoreġut għal il-mira emissività skond għal l- algoritmi użati fi l- strument.
In natura, all objects with temperatures above assolute zero are constantly emitting infrared radiation energy into the surrounding space. The size of an object's infrared radiation energy and its distribution by wavelength -and its surface temperature have a very close relationship. Therefore, by measuring the infrared energy radiated by the object itself, it can determine iss surface temperature, li is is the objective bażi għal infra-aħmar radjazzjoni termometrija.
Blackbody is an idealised radiation body, it absorbs all wavelengths of radiant energy, no energy reflection and transmission, the emissivity of its surface is 1. However, the existence of the actual objects in nature, almost all are not blackbody, in order to clarify and obtain the law of distribution of infrared radiation in the theoretical study must choose the appropriate model, which is the Planck put forward by the body of the cavity radiation of the quantisation of the vibronic model, which led to the derivation of the Planck's law of blackbody radiation, that is, expressed in wavelengths of the blackbody spectral radiance, which is the starting point of all infrared radiation theory, it is called the law of blackbody radiation. All the radiation of the actual object in addition to relying on the wavelength of the radiation and the temperature of the object, but also with the composition of the object's material type, preparation methods, thermal processes, as well as the surface state and environmental conditions and other factors. Therefore, in order to make the blackbody radiation law applicable to all real objects, it is necessary to introduce a proportionality coefficient, i.e., emissivity, which is related to the nature of the material and the state of the surface. This coefficient expresses the proximity of the thermal radiation of a real object to the blackbody radiation and has a value between zero and a value less than one. According to the law of radiation, as long as the emissivity of a material is known, the infrared radiation characteristics of any object are known. The main factors affecting emissivity are in: material type, surface roughness, physical and chemical structure and material thickness.
Meta tuża infra-aħmar radjazzjoni termometru biex miżura it-temperatura ta ' il-mira l-ewwel ta' kollha miżura il- mira fi tagħha il-medda ta ' infrared radjazzjoni, u imbagħad sa il termometru biex tikkalkula it-temperatura ta ' il-mira biex tkun imkejla. Kulur wieħed pirometri huma proporzjonali għal l- ammont ta ' radjazzjoni fi il il band; żewġ kuluri pirometri huma proporzjonali għal il- proporzjon ta' l-ammont ta ' radjazzjoni fi iż-żewġ meded.
